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1996-03-09
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Document 0400
DOCN M9650400
TI [Noma or cancrum oris: etiopathogenic and nosologic aspects]
DT 9605
AU Costini B; Larroque G; Duboscq JC; Montandon D; Service de Chirurgie
Maxillo-faciale et Plastique de la Face,; Centre Hospitalier
Universitaire Nord, Marseille, France.
SO Med Trop (Mars). 1995;55(3):263-73. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
MED/96141177
AB Noma is a gangrenous disease that usually begins in the mouth and is
characterized by rapid necrotizing destruction of soft tissue and
underlying bone. The disease, which is associated with a strong putrid
odor suggestive of mixed bacterial infection, develops only in
predisposed persons, especially children whose natural defenses have
been weakened by poor socio-economic living conditions. However a few
atypical cases have recently been reported in adults in whom the main
risk factor seemed to be immunodepression. The increasing number of wars
in the Third World and the AIDS epidemic raise the likelihood that the
number of cases of this disease will rise sharply particularly since the
incidence has been grossly underestimated for many years. It now seems
clear that a combination of local and systemic risk factors are
implicated in the etiopathogenesis of noma with the common denominator
being a weakened immune system. This would account for the fulminating
course of the infectious process due to one or more opportunistic
microbial or cytopathogenic agents or even to a still undetermined
immunopathologic reaction that lead to massive tissue destruction. Poor
understanding of the etiopathogenesis of noma is a major factor
perpetuating the nosologic problems posed by this disease. Some authors
add to the confusion by including a range of gangrenous diseases under
the heading of noma. It is important that the term noma be applied only
to necrotizing processes that begin in the mouth and present the
characteristic features and course.
DE Adult Child Child Nutrition Disorders/COMPLICATIONS English Abstract
Human Immunocompromised Host Incidence Infant, Newborn
Noma/CLASSIFICATION/EPIDEMIOLOGY/*ETIOLOGY Nomenclature Oral Hygiene
Risk Factors Socioeconomic Factors World Health JOURNAL ARTICLE
REVIEW REVIEW, TUTORIAL
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).